A To identify Great Wall of China B. To criticize Great Wall of China C. To promote Great Wall of China D. To describe of Great Wall of China E. To compliment Great Wall of China This text for questions no 4 - 6 PETRUK CAVE Petruk Cave is one of the leading tourist attractions in Kebumen, Central Java. The cave Descriptivetext adalah salah satu jenis teks dalam bahasa Inggris yang bertujuan menjelaskan atau mendeskripsikan sesuatu mulai dari orang tempat hewan sampai dirimu sendiri. Tembok Besar China di Tiongkok The Great Wall of China Tembok Besar Cina. Materi ini termasuk kedalam sebuah genre text dalam bahasa inggris yaitu Descriptive Text TembokBesar China atau, merupakan satu siri kubu China silam yang dibina sekitar 200 SM dan di antara akhir abad ke-14 sehingga permulaan abad ke-17, semasa Dinasti Ming, untuk melindungi utara China daripada serangan puak Mongol dan Turkik. Ia didahului oleh beberapa tembok dibina semenjak abad ke-3 SM terhadap perompak puak-puak nomad yang datang dari kawasan yang dikenali hari ini sebagai Mongolia dan Manchuria. Panjang Tembok Besar China ini ialah kira-kira 6,400 km, daripada Shanhguan sehi MenghadapiPenilaian Tengah Semester (PTS) satu Bahasa Inggirs kelas X kurikulum 2013 (K13) beserta tanggapan , admin telah menyiapkan tumpuan soal UTS B.Inggris beserta jawabannya. ResorHomeof the Great Wall. Home of the Great Wall. 3km from Mutianyu Great Wall, 101405 Huairou, China - Lokasi strategis - tampilkan di peta. Lovely place to stay, relax, explore. Food is amazing at the restaurant. Beds were really comfortable. Dog friendly too. TheGreat Wall of China is a series of fortifications made of stone, brick, tamped earth, wood, and other materials, generally built along an east-to-west line across the historical northern borders of China to protect the Chinese states and empires against the raids and invasions of the various nomadic groups of the Eurasian Steppe. Teksthe great wall of china. As it turns out the walls history is almost as long and serpentine as its structure. Each day you will cycle approximately 75kms - 85kms in the shadows of the Great Wall with the opportunity to set foot on the Wall itself. The Great Wall of China or Wan-Li Qang-Qeng in Chinese which translate to 10000-Li Long Wall TheGreat Wall : China against the world 1000 BC - 2000 AD. Sydney: Picador Pan Macmillan. ISBN 978--330-42241-3. Man, John (2008). The Great Wall : the extraordinary history of China's wonder of the world. London England: Bantam Press. ISBN 978--593-05574-8. Mooney, Paul (May 15, 2007). "Great Wall of China Overrun, Damaged, Disneyfied". 5mjQcGk. The Great Wall of China is an ancient series of walls and fortifications, totaling more than 13,000 miles in length, located in northern China. Perhaps the most recognizable symbol of China and its long and vivid history, the Great Wall was originally conceived by Emperor Qin Shi Huang in the third century as a means of preventing incursions from barbarian nomads. The best-known and best-preserved section of the Great Wall was built in the 14th through 17th centuries during the Ming dynasty. Though the Great Wall never effectively prevented invaders from entering China, it came to function as a powerful symbol of Chinese civilization’s enduring Dynasty Construction Though the beginning of the Great Wall of China can be traced to the fifth century many of the fortifications included in the wall date from hundreds of years earlier, when China was divided into a number of individual kingdoms during the so-called Warring States Period. Around 220 Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of a unified China under the Qin Dynasty, ordered that earlier fortifications between states be removed and a number of existing walls along the northern border be joined into a single system that would extend for more than 10,000 li a li is about one-third of a mile and protect China against attacks from the of the “Wan Li Chang Cheng,” or 10,000-Li-Long Wall, was one of the most ambitious building projects ever undertaken by any civilization. The famous Chinese general Meng Tian initially directed the project, and was said to have used a massive army of soldiers, convicts and commoners as workers. Made mostly of earth and stone, the wall stretched from the China Sea port of Shanhaiguan over 3,000 miles west into Gansu province. In some strategic areas, sections of the wall overlapped for maximum security including the Badaling stretch, north of Beijing, that was later restored during the Ming Dynasty. From a base of 15 to 50 feet, the Great Wall rose some 15-30 feet high and was topped by ramparts 12 feet or higher; guard towers were distributed at intervals along you know? When Emperor Qin Shi Huang ordered construction of the Great Wall around 221 the labor force that built the wall was made up largely of soldiers and convicts. It is said that as many as 400,000 people died during the wall's construction; many of these workers were buried within the wall Wall of China Through the Centuries With the death of Qin Shi Huang and the fall of the Qin Dynasty, much of the Great Wall fell into disrepair. After the fall of the later Han Dynasty, a series of frontier tribes seized control in northern China. The most powerful of these was the Northern Wei Dynasty, which repaired and extended the existing wall to defend against attacks from other tribes. The Bei Qi kingdom 550–577 built or repaired more than 900 miles of wall, and the short-lived but effective Sui Dynasty 581–618 repaired and extended the Great Wall of China a number of the fall of the Sui and the rise of the Tang Dynasty, the Great Wall lost its importance as a fortification, as China had defeated the Tujue tribe to the north and expanded past the original frontier protected by the wall. During the Song Dynasty, the Chinese were forced to withdraw under threat from the Liao and Jin peoples to the north, who took over many areas on both sides of the Great Wall. The powerful Yuan Mongol Dynasty 1206-1368, established by Genghis Khan, eventually controlled all of China, parts of Asia and sections of Europe. Though the Great Wall held little importance for the Mongols as a military fortification, soldiers were assigned to man the wall in order to protect merchants and caravans traveling along the lucrative Silk Road trade routes established during this Building During the Ming Dynasty Despite its long history, the Great Wall of China as it is exists today was constructed mainly during the mighty Ming Dynasty 1368-1644. Like the Mongols, the early Ming rulers had little interest in building border fortifications, and wall building was limited before the late 15th century. In 1421, the Ming emperor Yongle proclaimed China’s new capital, Beijing, on the site of the former Mongol city of Dadu. Under the strong hand of the Ming rulers, Chinese culture flourished, and the period saw an immense amount of construction in addition to the Great Wall, including bridges, temples and pagodas. The construction of the Great Wall as it is known today began around 1474. After an initial phase of territorial expansion, Ming rulers took a largely defensive stance, and their reformation and extension of the Great Wall was key to this Ming wall extended from the Yalu River in Liaoning Province to the eastern bank of the Taolai River in Gansu Province, and winded its way from east to west through today’s Liaoning, Hebei, Tianjin, Beijing, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Ningxia and west of Juyong Pass, the Great Wall was split into south and north lines, respectively named the Inner and Outer Walls. Strategic “passes” fortresses and gates were placed along the wall; the Juyong, Daoma and Zijing passes, closest to Beijing, were named the Three Inner Passes, while further west were Yanmen, Ningwu and Piantou, the Three Outer Passes. All six passes were heavily garrisoned during the Ming period and considered vital to the defense of the of the Great Wall of China In the mid-17th century, the Manchus from central and southern Manchuria broke through the Great Wall and encroached on Beijing, eventually forcing the fall of the Ming Dynasty and beginning of the Qing Dynasty. Between the 18th and 20th centuries, the Great Wall emerged as the most common emblem of China for the Western world, and a symbol both physical—as a manifestation of Chinese strength—and a psychological representation of the barrier maintained by the Chinese state to repel foreign influences and exert control over its the Great Wall is generally recognized as one of the most impressive architectural feats in human history. In 1987, UNESCO designated the Great Wall a World Heritage site, and a popular claim emerged in the 20th century that it is the only manmade structure visible from space NASA has since refuted this claim. Over the years, roadways have been cut through the wall in various points, and many sections have deteriorated after centuries of neglect. The best-known section of the Great Wall of China—Badaling, located 43 miles 70 km northwest of Beijing—was rebuilt in the late 1950s, and attracts thousands of national and foreign tourists every day. See China’s Iconic Great Wall From AboveChina’s Great Wall is one of the world’s great feats of engineering and an enduring monument to the strength of an ancient iconic Great Wall, actually a network of fortifications rather than a single structure, is the product of countless labors over a period of some two thousand years. Qin Shi Huang took the remnants of truly ancient fortifications, walls, and earthworks begun in the fifth century and linked them into a unified wall circa 220 as part of a massive project to protect China against marauding barbarians from the the time construction on most of the stone-and-brick Great Wall, with its turrets and watchtowers, was completed during the Ming dynasty 1368-1644 the chang cheng had become the world’s largest human-made recent government mapping project revealed that the entire Great Wall structure spans some 5,500 miles 8,850 kilometers from the Korean border west into the Gobi desert. Of that total 3,889 miles 6,259 kilometers were actual wall, while 223 miles 359 kilometers were trenches and 1,387 miles 2,232 kilometers were natural defensive barriers, like rivers or steep hills, incorporated into the new sections of the wall have recently been uncovered, several sections of the structure have vanished during the past half century or so. Mao Zedong himself encouraged destruction of parts of the wall and reuse of its materials in the 1950s, and rural farmers still make use of the wall’s earth and stone for practical 50 percent of the original ancient structure has already disappeared, and perhaps another 30 percent lies crumbling into ruins—even as Chinese and international organizations struggle to preserve what remains of this unique more than 5,000 miles, the Great Wall of China was built by first emperor, Qin, who began construction in the 3rd century The Great WallStretching more than 5,000 miles, the Great Wall of China was built by first emperor, Qin, who began construction in the 3rd century Photograph by Yimei Sun, Getty ImagesHow to Get Theretourists explore the wall from Beijing. The most popular section Badaling is 42 miles 70 kilometers from the city. This section boasts impressive views, and with crowds come all the modern trappings of development. Those seeking less popular or unrestored sections of the wall have many suitable choices within easy driving distance of to GoThe wall has endured centuries of seasons and remains ready to host visitors year round. The Beijing region has icy winters, but the hardy will find far fewer crowds than during the peak summer seasons. Autumn is often delightful near Beijing with mild weather 43° to 64°F/6° to 18°C and reduced tourist crowds. Wind and dust can be common in springtime. China is a nation of festivals, so consider timing a visit to coincide with a celebration in the shadows of the to VisitAs is appropriate for a monument so massive, there are many ways to visit the wall. Some visitors aspire to admire the views from popular tourist sections, pose for pictures, walk the wall, and take advantage of amenities from restaurants and shops to cable car rides. Others choose to explore rugged sections of the structure on extended hikes and climbs of unrestored “wild wall” sections, though these can be dangerous and are often located in rural areas well off the typical tourist path. China Precious bodily fluidsThe Chinese public stands to lose most from the regulationsA TEAM OF Chinese-led scientists made international headlines in May with newly published research that showed a surprising result. The Ice Age humans who crossed what is now the Bering Strait and populated North America had origins not only in Siberia, as previously known, but also in coastal China. The work of the team, which included Italian researchers, involved the collection and analysis of 100,000 genetic samples covering modern populations from nearly all of Eurasia, and more than 15,000 ancient to this story. Enjoy more audio and podcasts on iOS or browser does not support the is the kind of painstaking collaborative work that pushes the boundaries of knowledge. But it is also the kind of work that has become increasingly hard to do in China, or in co-operation with Chinese scientists. In recent years the country has, for the most part, tightened its regulations on the sharing of “human genetic resources” hgr with foreign entities. China’s rules, updated on June 1st, cover not only organs, tissue and bodily fluids but also data based on such material. Permission must be obtained through a byzantine application process before any export abroad or any sharing with foreign-controlled entities within China. Dr Yu-Chun Li, the lead author of the study on Ice Age migration, says the required approvals did not take long and the rules did not impede her team’s research. But many other scientists, Chinese and foreign, say they are having a harder regulatory regime imposes a heavy burden on multinational pharmaceutical firms and stifles international collaboration on biomedical research. Foreign companies conducting clinical trials in China have had to recruit dedicated hgr compliance teams in order to keep from running afoul of the rules. Violations can lead to both administrative and criminal punishment. “It creates this chilling effect,” says a person in the drug have been no publicised cases of criminal penalties since the earliest regulations were introduced in 1998. But numerous entities have been disciplined, ranging from AstraZeneca, a global pharmaceutical giant, to Huashan Hospital in Shanghai, one of China’s most prestigious. Many governments regulate the collection and use of genetic data and material, mainly out of concern for standards of informed consent and patient privacy. “But China takes it to the extreme. They view it as a very valuable resource,” says Lester Ross of WilmerHale, a law updates do loosen restrictions in some areas. Katherine Wang of Ropes & Gray, another law firm, sees the simplification of review and approval procedures as a positive development. Clinical information, medical imaging and metabolic data, previously regulated as HGR data, now fall outside the government’s definition. The state has also clarified its definition of a “foreign entity”, which had been some of those affected by the rules are disappointed that the science ministry remains in charge of enforcing them. Many expected the updates to shift responsibility to the national health authority, which, it was hoped, would be more sensitive to the needs of researchers. The new rules also strengthen the link between the HGR regime and national-security laws. Rao Yi of Peking University believes the impulse to restrict the sharing of genetic resources arose decades ago among people who did not understand the science and believed genetic material could be used to design bioweapons targeted at Chinese people. But it is the Chinese public that stands to lose from the dearth of Chinese samples made available to scientists elsewhere. Nearly 90% of the data used for worldwide genetic research comes from sources in the West, notes Mr Rao, meaning most studies focus on disease-associated mutations in those years Xi Jinping, China’s leader, has made reference to what he calls “the red gene”. This metaphorical bit of revolutionary dna, he has said, can be passed from generation to generation and “penetrate into the blood” of the Chinese masses. When it comes to the real-world genetic material of China’s people, his government seems to hold similarly strong views about where it may or may not be passed. Subscribers can sign up to Drum Tower, our new weekly newsletter, to understand what the world makes of China—and what China makes of the article appeared in the China section of the print edition under the headline "Precious bodily fluids"From the June 10th 2023 editionDiscover stories from this section and more in the list of contents Explore the edition